Introduction to environmental sanitation ppt 3/2/2021 DR ATHAR KHAN LCMD 7 Foundation Module - 2 1 Introduction to public health 11 Introduction to demography 2 Concept of disease causation (determinants & iceberg) 12 Vital Statistics 3 Natural history of disease & Levels of prevention 13 Morbidity & mortality determinants 4 Dynamics of Disease 14 Population pyramid & interpretation 5 International health agencies- WHO, UNICEF 15 Jan 2, 2020 · ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION. ” (WHO) OR • Public health is defined as the science of protecting the safety and improving the health of communities through Feb 11, 2015 · 3. It defines community as a sociological group sharing one environment, including individuals and families. edu. By Dr. (2) Each person shall have the right to be informed about his/her health condition with regard to health care services. Simple practices like cleaning, sanitation, and hygiene help improve Nov 11, 2021 · Environmental Health Briefing: Introduction to Environmental Health and Policy Keshia M. These factors include improper management of solid waste, wastewater, and industrial waste. An introduction to Environmental health, toxicology - An introduction to Environmental health, toxicology & risk assessment Lecture 1 Contact me at: Office: 1st Floor Block 5 SHCV Tel: 3620538 Email: gracebao@uic. hk | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view Sep 27, 2019 · 2. It is spread by a combination of: • poor sanitation, allowing the flies that spread the infection to breed; • poor hygiene associated with water scarcity and poor water quality; • lack of education and understanding of how easily the infection can spread Jun 18, 2013 · Introduction to Environmental Health. ” Oct 29, 2019 · Introduction to Environmental Health. 3. locked cupboards. 5 Environmental quality 1. It acknowledges that the health of these three systems is interdependent and that the health of one system directly affects the health Mar 6, 2005 · An introduction to Environmental health, toxicology - An introduction to Environmental health, toxicology & risk assessment Lecture 1 Contact me at: Office: 1st Floor Block 5 SHCV Tel: 3620538 Email: gracebao@uic. Jul 7, 2012 · Introduction to Environmental Health. • It involves waste Oct 2, 2021 · 2. Nevertheless, the lecture note is deemed to be 4 Health and Environment Environment : All which is external to the individual human host, Can be divided into Physical, biological , social , cultural etc. The document discusses environmental health and introduces concepts like the environment, health, environmental health, waste management, food hygiene and safety, vector/pest control, and water resources management. • Trachoma is another infection/ disease caused by poor sanitation and causes blindness. HS 425. Health for All phase (1981-2000) Most people in the developed countries enjoy all the determinants of good health, income, nutrition and education, sanitation etc. Integrated approaches to health are based on systems thinking, interdisciplinarity, participation, sustainability, and bringing knowledge to action. The … Environmental health: is the discipline that focuses on the interrelationships between people and their environment, promotes human health and well-being, and fosters a safe and healthful environment; Three main components of environmental health: population-based Focus on environmental stressors Not driven by individual behaviors Sep 3, 2014 · Environmental Engineering • Environmental Engineering is the application of science and engineering principles to improve the natural environment (air, water, and/or land resources), to provide healthy water, air, and land for human habitation (house or home) and for other organisms, and to remediate polluted sites. 1. 1 Definition 3 12. 3 To know about the community:- this includes the social and administrative structure of the community, knowledge of persons about the problems, the myths, local Mar 19, 2014 · These wastes pose a severe environmental hazard to the human health and to various components of environment, viz. ppt from EMBA 440 at University of Dhaka. Oct 12, 2018 · Key factors that affect child health include maternal health, family health, socioeconomic situation, environmental factors, social support and access to healthcare facilities. Environmental microbiology includes: Study of Structure and activities of microbial communities. In CEs considerations for sanitation needs are included during the camp planning and layout. Death or Humans change the environment, often in ways not fully understood We depend completely on the environment for survival Increased wealth, health, mobility, leisure time But, natural systems have been degraded i. 9 million people had no access to sanitation by the end of 20 th century. 2. Oct 12, 2012 · Introduction to Environmental Health. Dangers of food borne illness • Individual – Food borne illness are the greatest danger to food safety. Loss of family income 2. MDG 7: Environmental Sustainability Water and Sanitation - By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 that 58 percent of sampled groundwater tested positive for coliform bacteria Ensuring clean water and sanitation requires collective efforts and sustained investment. 880 views • 27 slides Oct 29, 2020 · It defines environmental sanitation and outlines its key components, including water sanitation, waste disposal, food sanitation, air sanitation, and sanitation at the household and community levels. Environmental Health & Resource Conservation (MS) 2. Introduction to Environmental Health • 105 likes • 32,175 views. Microbial communities genetic and OBJECTIVES: At the end of this session the participants should be able to conceptualize: -health in its physical, mental, social and spiritual context. Food Hygiene vs Food Safety • Food hygiene are the conditions and measures necessary to ensure the safety of food from production to consumption. AN EXPERIENCE AT MALLAVI. 4. Nov 4, 2011 · Introduction to Environmental Health. There are additional slides later on in the lesson that address environmental health careers in more detail. 2 Concept and scope of Environmental Health 1. Recommend systematic controls of environmental health hazards, demonstrating an awareness of Jun 7, 2023 · Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Introduction to One Health”. Module I • Concept and scope of environmental chemistry – Segments of environment • Environmental pollution: Concepts and definition – Pollutant, contaminant, receptor and sink • Classification of pollutants - Global, regional, local, persistent and non- persistent pollutants Introduction to Environmental Chemistry – Dr. These conditions include clean water, clean air, protection of food, and proper waste disposal. Environmental sanitation includes human excreta control, managing solid waste and wastewater, and pest and vector control. 2k views • 28 slides Introduction to Clean Water and Sanitation; Clean water and sanitation are essential for human health and well-being. Sanitation • Sanitation – a way of life – expressed in clean home, clean farm, clean business, clean neighborhood and clean community – it must come from within the people – an obligation and an ideal in human relations • Environmental sanitation – the control of all those factors in man's physical environment which exercise deleterious effect on health 3 Oct 22, 2017 · 2. DEFINITION Environmental sanitation" means the art and science of applying sanitary, biological and physical science principles and knowledge to improve and control the environment therein for the protection of the health and welfare of the public. Download the following free and ready-to-use Environmental sanitation powerpoint templates and Google slides themes for the upcoming presentation. Apr 18, 2011 · 2. “Environmental Health. • Sanitation is derived from a Latin word “sanitas”which means health. May 14, 2024 · 11. This presentation describes what is meant by environmental sanitation, and how it differs from other types of sanitation. WASH is an area with significant potential to improve health, life expectancy, student learning, gender equality, and other important issues of international development. These facilities ought to also be available, accessible Identify adverse effects of environmental agents on human health (both acute and chronic), on ecosystems, and on other risks (including economic and psychological), which requires an awareness of susceptibility, toxicity, and methods of risk analysis. Maintaining a clean environment Oct 24, 2020 · 2. -environment to be an important factor in the interaction of agent and Host in the epidemiological or ecological triad. Environmental health professionals work to ensure safe air, water, food, and workplaces. (Designed for Lesson Plan 3 in the Introduction to Environmental Sanitation Trainer Manual) It defines environmental sanitation as activities aimed at improving and maintaining basic environmental conditions to protect people's well-being. Lack of basic sanitation puts millions of lives at risk and is responsible for a quarter of all child deaths in developing countries every year. Everyone shares responsibility to properly dispose of trash and maintain clean water sources to prevent diseases and protect health. Sep 8, 2023 · The importance of environmental health in preventing disease and promoting health is discussed. Aug 26, 2020 · Environmental Sanitation is a) The promotion of hygiene b) The prevention of disease and other consequences of ill-health, relating to environmental factors. 2- How to analyze the community for health problems 2. Introduction to Public Health • Public health is “the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private communities, and individuals. . You only need to change text, logo or colors on the professional PPT templates. Introduction to Environmental Health. , pollution, erosion and species extinction Environmental changes threaten long-term health and survival Environmental science is the Aug 23, 2024 · Key Take-Aways • Sanitation : Public health issues pertaining to clean drinking water, sewage treatment, and human excreta disposal. (3) Each person shall have equal access to health care. K. ”. Against the background in 1981, WHO target to provide Health for all by the year 2000, that is attainment for all of Aug 7, 2021 · This document provides an introduction to environmental epidemiology for environmental health sciences students. For the most part, environmental health involves The opinions , fi ndings , and conclusions of the author do not necessarily refl ect the offi cial position , views , or policies of the editors , the editors ' host institutions , or the author ' s host institution . edu May 12, 2015 · 9. 6 MONTHS-2YEARS PREGNANCY 0-6 MONTHS Ensuring all pregnant women can access safe water and clean toilets, and can practice good hygiene – contributes to reducing maternal anemia and maternal Environmental Enteropathy; Ensuring all health facilities have safe water supply and clean, functional toilets with handwashing facilities 1 Introduction to Environmental Health (OPLAS) OPEN PROGRAM OF LEARNING AND ASSISTING STUDENTS. 1 Learning Objectives 3 1. Environment has a direct impact on the physical, mental and social well-being of the individual. Apr 16, 2023 · ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION • According to WHO, “environmental sanitation” is defined as “the control of all those factors in men’s physical environment which exercise or may exercise a deleterious effect on his physical development, health and survival”. • Improving sanitation is proven to have a big positive influence on human health both in households and throughout communities. Lack of clean water and sanitation leads to the spread of diseases and hampers socio-economic development. As of 2019, UNICEF has been working in over 80 countries to improve access to WASH in health-care facilities. There is much to learn about the environment and its Apr 15, 2018 · • Poor sanitation, allowing the flies that spread the infection to breed; • Poor hygiene associated with water scarcity and poor water quality; • Lack of education and understanding of how easily the infection can spread in the home and between people. T. Jun 19, 2012 · 3. Loss of productivity, leisure and travel opportunities 6. Origin: The contemporary usage of “environmental impact This document provides an introduction to environmental health and medicine. Proceedings of the Jaffna Science Association. (Designed for Lesson Plan 3 in the Introduction to Environmental Sanitation Trainer Manual) Indeed, these changes have redefi ned the meaning of environmental health. What does poor sanitation Cause cont…. Definitions Community is a group of people with a shared location, shared environment, and shared fate. Classification • Main objectives of Hygiene • Terms and Definitions: Environment, Health, Safety, Disease, and Risk • Environmental Factors • Importance of the Environmental Health studies • Routes of Exposure of Environmental Factors • Prevention • Sanitary Jul 15, 2021 · Sanitation - Download as a PDF or view online for free. 4- Individual behavior affects the environment and the community. Its place among medical sciences. Learning Objectives. The document then discusses various physical, biological and social/psychosocial factors that influence environmental health, as well as factors in air, water, soil and food that can Introduction to Environmental Health HowardFrumkin Key Concepts Environmental health is the field of public health that addresses physical, chemical, biological, social, and psychosocial factors in the environment. Factors that influence toxicity like dose, exposure, and Community and Environmental Health 2. Sanitation is enshrined in the Millennium Development Goals and is a cornerstone of the fight against poverty. 2 Definition and Context of Occupational Health and Safety 3 12. Oct 24, 2020 · 2. 0 Introduction 1. Dec 20, 2017 · This document defines and discusses the dimensions of health according to various sources such as the World Health Organization. hk | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view Aug 16, 2020 · 2. Define fundamental terms Explain the basic relationship between the environment and health Explain impact of environmental factors on health. Nov 2, 2013 · Environmental health comprises those aspects of human health that are determined by physical, biological, social and psychosocial factors in the environment. guestd2ccbb Follow. Proper labeling of containers – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as an HTML5 slide show) on PowerShow. Content • Introduction • Components of Environment • Environmental pollutions under the headings: – Sources – Problem Statement – Health Hazards – Prevention & control – Acts and laws – Government & non government organizations • Newer challenges in environmental health • Sustainable Development Goals & environmental health • Apex Bodies Governing environmental ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY Implications Environment & Health on Landscape Spread of Microbes What is environmental microbiology? Environmental microbiology is the study of how microbes interact with the environment and each other, including their effects on the landscape, the spread of viruses and bacteria, the distribution of algae, fungi and parasitical organisms and the associated PHS 807 COURSE GUIDE iv INTRODUCTION This course, PHS 807 Environmental Health is a two-credit unit course. Sanitation and environmental hygiene issues must be analyzed during the initial assessment. G. Dec 26, 2018 · Essentials of Environmental Health (either paperback or electronic) by Robert H. Increased insurance 3. The document aims to educate students on concepts of environmental health and how to promote health through effective environmental management. It defines key terms like health, disease, and epidemiology. Physical Noise Radiation Heat / cold. soil, air or water Health impacts of hazardous pollutants have been studied in great detail by many organizations and individuals including the Government Organizations in India and other countries. 3 Regional and global perspectives 1. Access to clean water and proper sanitation facilities is a basic human right. 14. Medical expenses 4. Community health aims to maintain and improve health through organized community efforts. Poor environmental sanitation can lead to health problems like skin diseases and waterborne illnesses. 880 views • 27 slides May 17, 2020 · Background Quality water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities act as barricades to the transmission of COVID-19 in health care facilities. 880 views • 27 slides Jan 23, 2018 · This document discusses community and environmental health. Geetha, St. Some of the hazards include physical, microbiological, biological and chemical. com - id: 5454a8-YTViZ Oct 2, 2021 · Introduction to environmental health in hindi - Download as a PDF or view online for free Jan 7, 2017 · 2. Environmental Sanitation Introduction Urbanization and industrialization increase the production of waste Improper management Mar 2, 2021 · 7. WASH IN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES Why WASH in health-care facilities helps reduce the risk of infection and improves prevention and control — crucial during outbreaks like cholera, Ebola, COVID- 19 and other infectious diseases. <break><break>This medical PowerPoint presentation is about One Health, a concept that recognizes the interconnectedness of the health of humans, animals, and the environment. 1 Objectives 1. 4 Concept and requirements for healthy environment 1. g. 2 To know about the problems:- This include the social statistics regarding the problem, affected age group, geographical and environmental factors, collection of information about available and probable health facilities. Sep 14, 2017 · WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Affordable access to WASH is a key public health issue, especially in developing countries. It defines environmental sanitation as controlling factors in the physical environment that can negatively impact human health. Epidemiology is described as the study of frequency, distribution, and determinants of diseases in populations in order to prevent disease and promote health. Oct 29, 2020 · It defines environmental sanitation and outlines its key components, including water sanitation, waste disposal, food sanitation, air sanitation, and sanitation at the household and community levels. • The word environmental sanitation is replaced by environmental health. Community Health includes both private and public efforts of individuals, groups, and organizations to promote, protect, & preserve the health of those in the community. Introduction. Pollack Porter, PhD, MPH Bloomberg Centennial Professor Department of Health Policy and Management Vice Dean for Faculty Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health kpollac1@jhu. Feb 25, 2024 · HSE Management System PPT | Download PPT Introduction. ROLE OF A NURSE IN SANITATION The role of public health nurse in controlling the influence of environmental factors on health was first recognized by Florence Nightingale and Lillian Wald. Environmental health comprises factors like pollution that affect human health. 7 Impact of environmental factors on Nov 2, 2013 · Environmental health comprises those aspects of human health that are determined by physical, biological, social and psychosocial factors in the environment. Read less Introduction to Environmental Health Sciences; Overview of Course Format and Learning Objectives Friis: Chapter 1 A Community Guide to Environmental Health: Conant and Fadem: Appendix A Tuesday October 02 Environmental Epidemiology Case Study: Epidemiology as a Tool for Promoting Environmental Justice Friis: Chapter 2 Conant and Fadem: Background. By prioritizing clean water and sanitation, we can improve lives, reduce poverty, and create a more sustainable future. Depending on the context, it may be more appropriate to focus on an environmental clean up, where the key priorities are already well managed. Cost of special dietary needs 5. Community health refers to the health status, problems, and care provided to the whole community. Unit-1/ Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety Page 2 Unit Contents Unit 1: Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety Contents Page No. Topic: Focus areas , Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH) Feb 3, 2021 · 21. Develop an environmental health education campaign (perhaps in the form of a video, poster, PowerPoint presentation, or brochure) about the environment and its connections to human health. 2) It discusses how increasing urbanization and industrialization are leading to greater waste production and potential environmental degradation if wastes are not properly treated before disposal. Dumping waste in water sources or littering pollutes the environment and spreads germs. Components of Hygiene Promotion May 12, 2016 · 3. Apr 27, 2022 · It then discusses various environmental health issues in more detail, such as pollution, water and sanitation, waste disposal, and the roles of environmental impact assessments and nurses. Allison Robinson University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania November 2001. Right to healthcare: (1) Every citizen shall have the right to seek basic health care services from the state and no citizen shall be deprived of emergency health care. The most common hazards that pose health problems originate from human and animal faeces, solid waste, domestic wastewater, and industrial and agricultural waste. It defines key terms and describes the objectives and components of environmental health, which aims to prevent disease, accidents, pollution and enhance health and living Introduction Environmental health plays a critical role in the health and well-being of children and families Environmental exposures have profound impact on the health of women, children, and their families Children’s environmental health includes social, economic, and political exposures Children’s Environmental Health Environmental health is defined as “the science and practice of Sep 18, 2014 · Environmental Health Nursing:. The present lecture note on “Housing and Institutional Health” is therefore, prepared to be used as a teaching material to train mainly environmental health and other students of health category in Ethiopia. Population biology of microorganisms. Sanitation is the hygienic means of preventing human contact with the multiple hazards associated with waste in order to promote health. . Environmental health is the branch of public health that is concerned Dec 1, 2020 · This document discusses environmental sanitation and its importance for community health. Sivapalan, 2003. Read less UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO Environmental Health ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH Structure 1. Prepare a response to an environmental health case study question (some examples are provided in the Resources and References section but may need to Introduction to Environmental Health PPT Free … Health (Just Now) Introduction to Environmental Health - Download as a PDF or view online for free. In the dynamic world of business, prioritizing the health, safety, and environmental well-being of employees and the surrounding community is not just a regulatory requirement but a moral obligation. e. 92k views • 37 slides Jul 14, 2021 · 3. Present day understanding: Environment and development are complementary and interdependent and EIA is a technique for ensuring that the two are mutually reinforcing. Mary’s College, Thrissur Introduction to Public Health are not appropriate to our environmental and socio-economic set up. 1- Environment health risks 2. 2k views • 28 slides Dec 20, 2017 · A community has defined roles and functions for its members. Sanitation is basic human right – health and dignity. -the physical, biological and psychosocial environment and understand their impact on health. 2 Historical and Legal Context 3 problems in the existing higher health learning institutions in Ethiopia. This lecture note is prepared primarily for health officer students, and is organized based on the course outline of introduction to public health in the curriculum of health officers. There are 3 primary factors that affect human health: Genetic Factors Personal behaviors Environment Healthy People 2010: “Promote health for all through a healthy environment. Microbial interaction and interaction with macroorganisims. It outlines various environmental hazards like air, water, and land pollutants. It aims both to control and prevent environmental hazards and to promote health and well-being through environmental strategies. It discusses major determinants of health, the differences between environmental health and environmental medicine, and the importance of considering environmental factors. Friis, PhD Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers; 2nd edition (2012) ISBN-10: 9781284026337 Recommended text: A Community Guide to Environmental Health by Jeff Conant and Pam Fadem Publisher: Hersperian Health Guides (2008, 2012) ISBN-10: 9780942364569 public health issues such as malaria or other water and sanitation related diseases. The environmental factors range from housing, water supply, psychosocial stress and family structure through social and economic support systems, to the organization of health and social welfare services in the community. The document also outlines the scope and components of environmental health, including personal hygiene, water supply, waste disposal, vector control, food Apr 4, 2022 · 13. Designing an eyecatching presentation template is time-consuming. Physical Noise Radiation Heat / cold An introduction to Environmental health, toxicology & risk assessment Lecture 1 Contact me at: Office: 1st Floor Block 5 SHCV Tel: 3620538 Email: gracebao@uic. Apr 17, 2019 · View Environmental Sanitation. The objectives of community health are to promote health, diagnose and treat diseases early, and control disability through organized community efforts. It could result to illness or diseases to an individual that would affect their overall health, work and personal lives. Apr 17, 2019 · Sanitation: Definition – Sanitation refers to all conditions that affect health. Introduction Evolution of EIA: Initial Belief: Initially EIA was seen by some project promoters as a constraint to development but this view is gradually disappearing. Plan of the lecture • Concepts and etymology of Hygiene • Hygiene as a science. AI-enhanced description. Safe kept poisonous substances e. It outlines the physical, mental, social, spiritual, emotional, vocational, philosophical, cultural, socioeconomic, environmental, nutritional, educational, curative and preventive dimensions of health. Jan 3, 2021 · 1) The document provides an introduction to environmental sanitation, focusing on proper management and disposal of human waste. To prevent It is an area of safety engineering and public health that deals with the 3. Submit Search. It provides details on the causes and effects of each type of pollution, as well as some methods to prevent or reduce pollution. So Environmental Sanitation covers two basic dimensions: Environmental factors These are environmental factors which impact on the infectious agents and transmission of disease. 1 Lack of sanitation and poor hygiene also severely limit the impact of other development interventions in education, health Sanitation. Jun 15, 2017 · 2. In contrast, only 10-20% of the population in developing countries enjoy access to health services of any kind. Introduction to Environmental Health Supporting text used: Moeller, Dade W. 3- How to advocate for protection of natural resources 2. Specific practices to ensure proper sanitation in each area are described. 6 Human exposure and health impact 1. Introduction: Definition Environmental microbiology is the study of microbial interactions microbial processes and microbial communities in the environment. An Introduction for Community Health Nursing Students. Maternal health and nutrition, as well as family size, relationships, and stability can all impact a child's development and vulnerability to health problems. • Food can become contaminated at any point during slaughtering or harvesting, processing, storage, distribution, transportation and preparation. com - id: a23f9-OTdmY Dec 24, 2023 · 11. ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION. hk – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as an HTML5 slide show) on PowerShow. Introduction to Environmental Sanitation Presentation (Env San) This presentation describes what is meant by environmental sanitation, and how it differs from other types of sanitation. – According to the WHO sanitation may include: • food sanitation • rainwater drainage • solid waste disposal • atmospheric pollution. , any or all of which can influence the health status of a population (1995) Environmental Health : comprises those aspects of human health including quality of life that are determined by physical , social , biological and psychological Dec 31, 2017 · 3. Feb 16, 2022 · The One Health concept positions human health at the center and recognizes the connections between human, animal, plant, and environmental health. Environmental Health. Definition of Industrial Hygiene 3 • Definition 2 (American Industrial Hygiene Association - AIHA) • “That science and art devoted to the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, and control of those environmental factors and stresses arising in or from the workplace, which may cause sickness, impaired health and well-being, or significant discomfort among workers or among citizens of Aug 29, 2019 · PDF | On Aug 29, 2019, Zakaria Aissa Assia published Introduction To Environmental Impact Assessment | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate May 23, 2017 · Environmental factors like pollution, overpopulation, urbanization, and degradation of natural resources negatively impact human health. Air pollution causes respiratory issues, water pollution spreads diseases, and solid waste pollution contaminates land. It is believed this teaching material plays a significant role Sep 21, 2012 · The document defines and describes five main types of pollution: air, water, noise, land, and radioactive. 2- Community health problems related to the This course describes UNICEF's work in the field of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), and why it matters. Oct 13, 2014 · Introduction to Environmental Health. Describe environmental health issues in communities and populations of service Analyze the role of the professional nurse related to environmental health Slideshow 4532288 by faris Mar 24, 2012 · Environmental science: how the natural world works Environment impacts Humans • Its goal: developing solutions to environmental problems • An interdisciplinary field - Natural sciences: information about the natural world - Environmental Science programs - Social sciences: study human interactions and behavior - Environmental Studies Nov 22, 2016 · 35. Environmental Health & Resource Conservation (HS) 2. jhbmmwb rut btch tsdd bfrw dkmi hua zgqdor jhhrn oueq