Permanent adjustment of theodolite surveying. They are as follows: 1.
Permanent adjustment of theodolite surveying ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds :- 1. Collimation Adjustment: The line of collimation should coincide with the axis of the telescope and axis of the objective slide and should be at right angles to the horizontal axis. Permanent Adjustments of a Dumpy Level 2. Finding difference of level. References: Surveying II Kataria Publication May 24, 2021 · 1. iii) Elimintion of parallax. Ordinary Method (Fig. Aug 11, 2024 · Theodolite survey procedure is the most accurate instrument theodolite used in the measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. The initial setting operation includes fixing the theodolite on a tripod, along with approximate levelling and centering over the station mark. Jan 8, 2025 · THEODOLITE SURVEYING 22. The axis of the plate levels must be perpendicular to the vertical axis. Once these adjustments are made, they should stay there permanently (that's why they call them "permanent adjustments"). Temporary Adjustments. USES OF THEODOLITE : Following are the different purpose for which theodolite can be used-1) measuring horizontal • understand traverse adjustments and measurements, and • conceptualize about traverse computations. 7. They are Sep 11, 2024 · 2. Typical problems on theodolite 13-23. The permanent adjustments in case of a transit theodolites are :-Adjustment of Horizontal Plate Levels. - Chain surveying uses a 20m chain divided into 100 links to measure May 2, 2020 · In this lecture detail discuss the what is permanent adjustment of theodolite diploma 4th sem civil. Levelling up. UNIT IV CONTROL SURVEYING AND ADJUSTMENT The system of Surveying in which the angles are measured with the help of the theodolite instrument is known as theodolite surveying. Permanent Adjustments of a Cushing's Level 4. Permanent adjustments of theodolite 13-21. Errors in theodolite surveying. The permanent adjustment are made to establish the fixed relationships between the fundamental lines of the instrument, and once made, they last for long time. Setting up. References: Surveying II Kataria Publication Nov 16, 2014 · THEODOLITE SURVEYING 22. Statement B: The type of levelling in which levels are taken on each side of a main line at right angles to that line in order to determine a vertical cross-section of the surface of the ground is Surveying : Principles of surveying, measurement of distance, chain surveying, working of the prismatic compass, compass traversing, bearings, local attraction, plane table surveying, theodolite traversing, adjustment of theodolite, Levelling, Definition of terms used in levelling, contouring, curvature and refraction corrections, temporary and permanent adjustments of dumpy level, methods of Document Description: Adjustment of a Theodolite, Surveying and Levelling for Agricultural Engineering 2024 is part of Surveying and Levelling Notes- Agricultural Engg preparation. Oct 23, 2023 · THEODOLITE SURVEYING ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds :- 1. iii) Determining the area of ground. PERMANENT ADJUSTMENT. Theodolite is a popular surveying instrument. Click the link to get notes on Theodolite Surveying:-https://dri Feb 27, 2018 · THEODOLITE SURVEYINGTHEODOLITE SURVEYING ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE Temporary Adjustment The temporary adjustments are made at each set up of the instrument before we start taking observations with the instrument. Trigonometric Levelling: Theodolites – Definition of terms Permanent adjustment: When the desired relation between the fundamental lines of a theodolite are disturbed, then some procedures are adopted to reestablish these relationships. ojbirTelegram link :- https://t. Aug 24, 2022 · UNIT III THEODOLITE SURVEYING CE3351 Surveying and Levelling Important Questions. The permanent adjustments of different level are made to establish the fixed relationships between its fundamental lines: 1. It is a measurement tool with which we can find horizontal and vertical angles. Set up the theodolite on a stable and level surface. Permanent adjustments and 2. The goal of permanent adjustment is for all fundamental lines of the instrument to be properly oriented relative Learn how to make temporary and permanent adjustments to a theodolite in this comprehensive tutorial video. ): To measure horizontal angle AOB: (i) Set up the theodolite at station-point O and level it accurately. Theodolites are primarily classified as: (1) Transit, and (2) Non transit. Permanent Adjustments of a Dumpy Level: In RCI4C001 SURVEYING Module IV Theodolite Survey: Use of theodolite, temporary adjustment, measuring horizontal andvertical angles, theodolite traversing THEODOLITE SURVEY 1 Mr. A theodolite is called to be transit when its telescope can be Apr 22, 2017 · Ø Objective, various parts of transit theodolite, technical terms, temporary and permanent adjustments of a transit,measuring horizontal and vertical angles, methods of repetition and reiteration, computation of latitude and departure, balancing of traverse by Bow-Ditch’s transit rule, third rule and modified transit rules, missing data problems, Precautions in using theodolite, errors in Theodolite Survey and Instrument Adjustment: Theodolite and types, Fundamental axes and parts of Transit theodolite, uses of theodolite, Temporary adjustments of transit theodolite, measurement of horizontal and vertical angles, step by step procedure for obtaining permanent adjustment of Transit theodolite. For setting up the instrument, the tripod is placed over the station with its legs widely spread so that the centre of the tripod head lies above the station point and its head approximately level (by eye estimation). 41-47 7 Measurement of vertical angles by theodolite. 7 TEMPORARY ADJUSTMENTS OF THEODOLITE There are two types oftheodolite adjustments, viz, (i) temporary adjustments and (ii) permanent adjustments. Permanent Adjustments for a theodolite have discussed below, a - Plate level Adjustment The system of surveying in which the angles (both horizontal & vertical) are measured with the help of a theodolite, is called Theodolite surveying. Unit III: Theodolite Surveying 3. Theodolites are essential tools in surveying and There are three methods of measuring horizontal angles: 1. It involves adjusting 5 fundamental lines - the vertical axis, plate level axis, line of collimation, horizontal axis, and altitude level bubble line - to ensure proper relationships between them for accurate readings. To permanently adjust a theodolite, follow these steps: 1. The adjustments are mainly of two types. 1. (i). Modern theodolites QUESTIONS 13 Chapter 14 PERMANENT ADJUSTMENTS OF LEVELS 14-1. 2 Main Body Frame 6. • The permanent adjustments of a Theodolite are in the following order. Introduction to Astronomy; Azimuth - its determination UNIT 6 THEODOLITE SURVEYING Theodolite Surveying Structure 6. Reiteration Method. Applications of Theodolite Survey. Permanent Adjustments of the Y-Level 5. Horizontal Axis Jan 19, 2022 · The instrument for Chain surveying. General 14-2. 3 ADJUSTMENTS 1. So when the May 12, 2023 · Permanent Adjustment of Dumpy Level. Permanent Adjustments of a Cooke's Reversible Level 3. i) Measuring horizontal and vertical angles. Measuring horizontal and vertical angles. Locating points on a line. Level the theodolite using the built-in bubble level. Maps- types, importance, scales/CI, conventional symbols, and generalization; topographic mapsmap projection systems, sheet numbering systems, map layout ———8 Jan 21, 2017 · THEODOLITE : The theodolite is a complex instrument used mainly for accurate measurement of horizontal and vertical angle up to 10" or 20" depending upon the least count of the instrument. The permanent A transit vernier theodolite is described in detail, outlining its main components like the lower plate, upper plate, telescope, and tripod stand. The permanent adjustments are to be done to maintain the required standard relationship between the 8. Dec 30, 2013 · This book is meant for the first course on Surveying and Levelling of most of the universities. Permanent Adjustments. Fundamental axes of the levelling instruments 14-3. Jan 24, 2023 · Theodolite Survey and Instrument Adjustment: Theodolite and types, Fundamental axes and parts of Transit theodolite, uses of theodolite, Temporary adjustments of transit theodolite, measurement of horizontal and vertical angles, step by step procedure for obtaining permanent adjustment of Transit theodolite. The permanent adjustment in case of a transit theodolites are: 1. Adjustments of a Theodolite. There are two types of adjustments which are the same as in the level Instrument. It includes 45 multiple choice questions that cover concepts such as: - The purpose of surveying is to prepare maps and work from the whole to parts of an area. They are as follows: 1. 7 Topic 10: Theodolite Adjustment If there is eccentricity present, differences between faces will vary in a regular sinusoidal pattern. Minor Survey Instruments – Box-sextant, Planimeter, Pantagraph, their working Jan 7, 2025 · The spire test is conducted to adjust the horizontal axis of a theodolite. The following adjustments are desirable: UNIT III THEODOLITE SURVEYING. Advanced Survey ± 20 seconds in less than 20 minutes. UNIT IV CONTROL SURVEYING AND ADJUSTMENT Faculty: Aswathy MPDepartment of Civil EngineeringGPC Manjeri 13-20. com Theodolite Surveying 21 8. List out the permanent adjustments of Theodolite. UNIT III THEODOLITE SURVEYING . Lecture Learning Outcomes (LLOs):After completion of this lecture, you should be able to LLO1On topic 1 Theodolite Parts, Temporary and permanent adjustments of theodolite. Theodolite Surveying Horizontal angles are measured by using a Compass with respect to meridian, which is less accurate and also it is not possible to measure vertical angles with a Compass. g. So basically, permanent adjustments means making little tweaks to a theodolite so it's always super accurate! May 28, 2020 · In this we are going to cover the temporary & permanent Adjustments of Theodolite Surveying. The document concludes with an overview of permanent and temporary theodolite adjustments. com/store/apps/details?id=co. 3 Operating and Adjusting the Instrument 6. 3 Permanent adjustments of dumpy and tilting levels 19-24 4 Area measurements by mechanical Planimeter and digital planimeter. 6. This has certain advantages over mechanical adjustments. 2. Minor instruments used in the field are also explained. 3 Micrometer scale 8. 4. It has wide applicability in surveying such as laying off horizontal angles, locating points on line, prolonging survey lines, establishing grades, determining the difference in elevation, setting out curves etc. 5. This is known as permanent adjustments. Permanent adjustment deal with fundamental this video includes the permanent adjustment of theodolite. Important terms in manipulating a theodolite are also defined, such as centering, transiting, and changing face. THEODOLITE SURVEYING ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE 1. This ensures that the horizontal axis is truly perpendicular to the vertical axis, which is essential for accurate angular measurements in surveying Sep 6, 2024 · Explanation: The following test should be remembered in the survey. So basically, permanent adjustments means making little tweaks to a theodolite so it's always super accurate! The system of Surveying in which the angles are measured with the help of the theodolite instrument is known as theodolite surveying. Lecture Summary – Key Takeaways. 26 24 ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds :-1. Theodolite is the most important precise instrument used to measure the horizontal and vertical angles, to locate a point on the line and it as a wide application in surveying. Syllabus Theodolite Surveying: • Objective, various parts of transit theodolite, technical terms, temporary and permanent adjustments of a transit, measuring horizontal and vertical angles, methods of repetition and reiteration, computation of latitude and departure, balancing of traverse by BowDitch‟s transit rule, third rule and modified transit rules, missing data problems Oct 21, 2024 · Level line – Horizontal line – Datum – Benchmarks – Levels and staves – Temporary and permanent adjustments – Methods of leveling – Fly leveling – Check leveling – Procedure in leveling – Booking – Reduction – Curvature and refraction – Reciprocal leveling – Precise leveling – Contouring. com THEODOLITE SURVEYING ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE 2. Temporary and permanent adjustments. Traversing and its adjustments. 1 Setting of the Theodolite 6. Principle of reversibility 14-4. temporary and permanent. ii) Levelling. 2 INSTRUMENTS Optical Theodolite The basic construction of the general transit theodolite was described in Elements of Surveying in Unit 6. google. Every station where the instrument is set up, temporary adjustments must be made. Theodolite has two types of adjustments-temporary and permanent. Theodolites are used mainly for surveying applications, and have been adapted for specialized purposes such as meteorology and rocket launch. These are not required to be repeated at every setting of the instrument . Theodolite Survey – Application in Height and distance measurements. The fundamental lines or axis of a transit theodolite include the following:- Vertical axis; Axis of plate levels; Axis of telescope; Line of collimation; Horizontal axis; Axis of altitude bubble and the vernier should Sep 27, 2024 · Permanent adjustments of a transit theodolite ensure the instrument’s accuracy and proper functioning over time. Permanent adjustments: The permanent adjustments are made to establish the relationship between the fundamental lines of the theodolite and , once made , they last for a long time. this is the continuatio Oct 27, 2024 · Permanent adjustments of Theodolite: Permanent adjustments involve setting the essential parts of a Theodolite into their true positions relatively to each other. Chapter 19: Theodolite Survey Fundamentals Of Surveying: 1 Compass, Temporary & Permanent Adjustments Of Compass – Temporary adjustments, Nov 20, 2023 · UNIT III THEODOLITE SURVEYING Horizontal and vertical angle measurements – Temporary and permanent adjustments – Heights and distances – Tacheometric surveying – Stadia Tacheometry – Tangential Tacheometry – Trigonometric leveling – Single Plane method – Double Plane method. This is only a discussion of the underlying geometry. Aug 3, 2024 · The permanent adjustment is made to establish the fixed relationships between the fundamental lines of the instrument, and once made, they last for a long time. It covers: - The components and basic use of a theodolite - The process for setting up a theodolite, including centering, leveling, and eliminating parallax - Methods for taking angular measurements, including face left/right, changing face, and ordinary, repetition, and Mar 10, 2018 · ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds :- 1. Adjustment of plate level (Plate level test). May 31, 2024 · Statement A: Latitude of a survey line is defined as its coordinate length measured in the direction perpendicular to an assumed meridian direction. me/+MK4S_fQYHKs0MTE1#SSCJE #UPSSSJE#NBCCJE#JALNIG The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds: Permanent adjustment. It describes tests and adjustments for 6 components: 1) the vertical cross hair, 2) the plate level axes, 3) the line of sight, 4) the horizontal axis, 5) the telescope axis, and 6) the vertical circle index. 9 circle 4 5 Micrometer Fig. Then, when the theodolite is used again, it should be super precise and give accurate measurements. Dec 30, 2013 · Permanent Adjustments. Permanent adjustments. ADJUSTMENT OF ATHEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds:- PermanentAdjustments. The following are the permanent adjustments in a sequential manner in transit Theodolites: Adjustment of the Horizontal Plate Levels The document discusses the process of permanently adjusting a theodolite. Mar 23, 2021 · The adjustments in transit Theodolite are of two types: 1. 48-51 8 Jan 25, 2021 · # blub civilPermanent Adjustment of Theodolite The desired relationships between the fundamental lines are as follows: • The axis of the plate level must be . The adjustments rectify disturbances that could occur from improper handling or use over Sep 11, 2015 · 2 - Permanent Adjustments These are to be tested after a long interval or at the beginning of an important project. There are only two permanent adjustments of dumpy level since the telescope is rigidly attached to the spindle:-The axis of the bubble tube should be perpendicular to the vertical axis. They are essential for the accuracy of observations. Temporary adjustments are to be done at every station the instrument is set up. Mar 3, 2016 · The document contains a question bank on surveying topics including chain, compass, and plane table surveying. Focusing the eye piece. Saujanya Kumar Sahu Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Government College of Engineering, Kalahandi Email : saujanyaks@gmail. also introduce the fundamental lines of theodolite and their relationships. The line of collimation should coincide with the axis of the Theodolite and its temporary adjustment; Permanent adjustment of Theodolite; Teodolite Measurement and Errors; Measurement of Horizontal and Vertical Distance Simultaneously . Theodolite Surveying The system of surveying in which the angles (both horizontal & vertical) are measured with the help of a theodolite, is called Theodolite surveying Compass Surveying vs. 3 Centering the Theodolite 6. Adjustment of the Horizontal Plate Levels: The axis of the horizontal plate levels must be perpendicular to the vertical axis. Jan 31, 2014 · The mechanics of the calibration procedure will depend on the theodolite. Jun 30, 2018 · # Permanent adjustment These are done only when fundamental relations between the parts of theodolite are disturbed. Permanent adjustment of dumpy level is made at different levels to establish fixed relations between its fundamental lines. Jul 11, 2023 · Adjustment of Theodolite. 2. for PDF this lecture join te (2) Transit Rule: This rule is used to balance the traverse when the angular measurement are more precise than the linear measurements, (i) Correction to departure of any side What are theodolite’s temporary and permanent adjustments? Temporary and permanent adjustments are two types of Theodolite adjustments. Prolonging survey lines. Temporary adjustment; Permanent adjustment; Temporary Adjustment: The adjustments which are made for every setting of a level like. Basics of Tacheometry and Stadia System; Non-stadia Systems; Measurement of Absolute Direction . Permanent adjustments deal with the fundamental lines and their relationships and should be done once in a while to ensure that the instrument is properly adjusted. 3. 1 Telescope 6. It can also be used for locating points on a line, prolonging survey lines, finding difference in elevations, setting out grades, ranging curves etc. May 30, 2019 · ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds :- ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE |Civil Easy Learning ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE 1. Adjustment of line of sight ( Cross- hair test). TemporaryAdjustments. Measurement of horizontal and vertical angles, setting out centre line of roads, buildings, transmission towers and machine foundations. The line of collimation should coincide with the axis of the Online Engineering is an e-learning initiative by Vishal Bhatt, alumnus of IIT Roorkee which has established itself as a pioneer in the preparation of GATE, THEODOLITE SURVEYING ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds :-1. 2 Instrument and its Components 6. 25-34 5 Methods of plane table survey: Radiation Method & Intersection Method 35-40 6 Measurement of horizontal angles by theodolite. #SurveyTheodolitePart2 #STATEPSCAE #IESSSCJEIn this video Part-2, detailed discussion of Theodolite Survey has been done with its significance, which will be Answer: d Explanation: The permanent adjustments include making index glass perpendicular with graduated arc, horizon glass perpendicular with graduated arc, and line of sight parallel to plane of the graduated arc etc. There are three temporary adjustments of a theodolite:- i) Setting up & Centering. Setting up the level; Levelling up; Elimination of parallax The permanent adjustments of theodolites are made to establish fixed relationship between the instrument's fundamental lines. Elimination of parallax. these are required for every instrument for having a better output. Permanent Adjustments of a Tilting Level. Focusing the Objective. ii) Measuring horizontal distances only. Setting out grades; Ranging curves The document discusses the procedures for adjusting and using a theodolite to take angular measurements for surveying. ii) Collimation Adjustment. Temporary adjustment. Precautions to be taken during the permanent Jun 13, 2021 · This video lecture is suitable for Civil Engineering students and aspirants who wish to brush up on their basics. Nov 21, 2013 · 2. Jan 6, 2025 · Compass Surveying and Theodolite Question 2: Consider the given statements, identify the ones that cannot be executed with the help of a typical theodolite in surveying. Permanent adjustments are those What are the temporary adjustments of the theodolite? 1. ; Spire test: It is a test carried out to remove errors due to the non-perpendicularity of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis in Theodolite instruments. 3 Refinements 6. This is ensured as long as the relationship between fundamental lines of the Theodolite hold good. 1) Permanent adjustments: The permanent adjustments are made to establish the relationship between the fundamental lines of the theodolite and , once made , they last for a long time. The field party is only expected to carry out the test and adjustment, if required will be done by the trained for this purpose in a workshop. These adjustments include; Adjusting horizontal plate levels; Adjustment of Adjustments of a Theodolite: The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds: 1. Repetition Method. The instrument was used to observe the passage (transit) of stars across any portion of the celestial meridian. The notes and questions for Adjustment of a Theodolite, Surveying and Levelling have been prepared according to the Agricultural Engineering exam syllabus. 1) Permanent adjustments:The permanent adjustments are made to establish the relationship between the fundamental lines of the theodolite and , once made , they last for a long time. Uses of theodolite 13-22. 1 General The basic operations required in any surveying exercise undertaken with a theodolite are discussed in detail in Elements of Surveying course. These adjustments are typically made at the factory but may require occasional fine-tuning in the field. Theodolites are classified into two types, Transit theodolite and non-transit theodolite. Permanent Adjustments: The permanent adjustments are made to establish the fixed relationships between the fundamental lines of the instrument, and once made, they last for a long time. (ii) Set the vernier A to the zero or 360° of the horizontal circle so do this, loosen the upper clamp and tum the upper plate until the Online Engineering is an e-learning initiative by Vishal Bhatt, alumnus of IIT Roorkee which has established itself as a pioneer in the preparation of GATE, Oct 9, 2023 · Theodolite surveying is the branch of surveying in which theodolite instrument is Permanent adjustment of theodolite. The main permanent adjustments include: Adjustment of the Horizontal Plate Level; Adjustment of the Horizontal Axis (Trunnion This document describes the process of permanently adjusting a theodolite instrument. Ordinary Method. Be aware that an electronic theodolite may have a routine that will measure these errors and adjust the readings accordingly. Azimuth test: It is done to make the line of sight perpendicular to the horizontal axis. The Theodolite should be properly adjusted to obtain accurate observations. This type of general theodolite is also termed as direct reading theodolite. Theodolite: Function of various parts. docsity. About a century later it was modified to suit the surveying requirements. There are two types of operation required for adjustment of any theodolite, e. davos. ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE • Permanent adjustments:The permanent adjustments in case of a transit theodolites are :- • Adjustment of Horizontal Plate Levels. Permanent adjustment of transit theodolite, methods of repetitions and reiterations. 1 Introduction Objectives 6. They Oct 22, 2022 · THEODOLITE SURVEYING ADJUSTMENT OF A THEODOLITE The adjustments of a theodolite are of two kinds :- 1. iv) Locating points on lines This video lecture is suitable for Civil Engineering students and aspirants who wish to brush up on their basics. Answer: d Explanation: Theodolite is the most precise instrument designed for the measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. Rotate the theodolite 180 degrees and center the crosshairs on the same target. Temporary adjustments. 4 Removing the Parallax Coaching app link :- https://play. 2 Levelling 6. Temporary THEODOLITE SURVEYING AND TRAVERSING Theodolite Survey: A theodolite is a precision instrument for measuring angles in the horizontal and vertical planes. Nov 5, 2019 · THEODOLITE SURVEYING 22. permanent adjustment concept, principle of reversal. 9. 3. The theodolite is most accurate instrument used mainly for measuring horizontal and vertical angles. The following are the permanent adjustments in a sequential manner in transit Theodolites: Adjustment of the Horizontal Plate Levels May 15, 2020 · Adjustment of Theodolite: Following are the two types of adjustments of the theodolite; 1)Permanent Adjustment: This type of adjustment is important for accurate observations and is made to establish relationship between the fundamental lines of a theodolite. UNIT IV CONTROL SURVEYING AND ADJUSTMENT Jan 3, 2020 · They are essential for the accuracy of observations. Temporary adjustments are required to be made at every set- up ofthe instrument. THEODOLITE SURVEYING. (ii). 8. Theodolite. Because of its various uses, the theodolite is sometimes known as "Universal Instrument". The theodolite is a complex instrument used mainly Nov 28, 2024 · The permanent adjustment is made to establish the fixed relationships between the fundamental lines of the instrument, and once made, they last for a long time. Horizontal and vertical angle measurements – Temporary and permanent adjustments – Heights and distances – Tacheometric surveying – Stadia Tacheometry – Tangential Tacheometry – Trigonometric leveling – Single Plane method – Double Plane method. The following are the permanent adjustments in transit Theodolite: ADJUSTMENTS OF THEODOLITE. Unit CIV2202: Surveying 10. It covers all basic methods of surveying and levelling, applications of surveying and levelling, calculation of areas and volumes of earth work involved in the field work. Permanent adjustments are made to address the fundamental lines and their relationships, and they should be done every now and UNIT-I Introduction on Theodolite Surveying 12 Introduction & Application of theodolite, Temporary and permanent adjustment of a theodolite, Definitions and various technical terms, Techniques for measuring horizontal angles and vertical Feb 14, 2015 · Theodolite: It was invented by Roemer, a Danish astronomer in 1690. Curve Setting – Simple circular curve setting by chain, tape & theodolite 10. Permanent adjustments: The permanent adjustments in case of a transit theodolites are :-i) Adjustment of Horizontal Plate Levels. Center the crosshairs on a target or point of reference. alrvvkxcmsvkegiosxbzgvbvixwtavzcoqtaghiwsvygszrtf